See highlander on Wiktionary
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "lowlander"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "Shanghailander"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"highland",
"highland#English"
],
[
"*-yós",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-yós#Proto-Indo-European:_suffix"
],
[
"*-āzios",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/-āzios#Proto-Italic:_adjective"
],
[
"-ārius",
"-arius#Latin:_adjective"
],
[
"-ārius",
"-arius#Latin:_agent_noun"
],
[
"*-ārijaz",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/-ārijaz#Proto-Germanic:_noun"
],
[
"*-ārī",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/-ārī#Proto-West_Germanic:_agent_suffix"
],
[
"-ere",
"-ere#Old_English:_agent_suffix"
],
[
"-ere",
"-ere#Middle_English:_agent_suffix"
],
[
"-er",
"-er#English:_inhabitant"
],
[
"highland",
"highland#English"
],
[
"-er",
"-er#English:_inhabitant"
]
],
"etymology_number": "1",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":af",
"3": "highland",
"4": "-er<id:inhabitant>",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nEnglish highland\nProto-Indo-European *-yósder.\nProto-Italic *-āzios\nLatin -āriusnom.\nLatin -āriusbor.\nProto-Germanic *-ārijaz\nProto-West Germanic *-ārī\nOld English -ere\nMiddle English -ere\nEnglish -er\nEnglish highlander\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"agent noun\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"nom.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Nominalization of\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjective\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjective\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"suffix\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-yós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-āzios\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ārius\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"nominalization\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ārius\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*-ārijaz\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*-ārī\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"-ere\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"-ere\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"-er\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"highlander\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"highlander\">\nFrom highland + -er.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nEnglish highland\nProto-Indo-European *-yósder.\nProto-Italic *-āzios\nLatin -āriusnom.\nLatin -āriusbor.\nProto-Germanic *-ārijaz\nProto-West Germanic *-ārī\nOld English -ere\nMiddle English -ere\nEnglish -er\nEnglish highlander\nFrom highland + -er.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "highlanders",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "highlander (plural highlanders)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Scottish English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "34 22 28 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Baguio English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "39 33 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries referencing missing etymons",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "40 34 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "40 34 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "40 32 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 27 20 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "42 35 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -er (inhabitant)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "48 24 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "38 35 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "30 28 21 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 27 21 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "38 37 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "38 35 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "39 35 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Amharic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "42 32 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Arabic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "45 35 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Armenian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "41 33 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Belarusian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "42 34 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"parents": [],
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},
{
"_dis": "42 32 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Chechen translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "45 35 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Czech translations",
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},
{
"_dis": "39 36 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
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},
{
"_dis": "45 35 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Egyptian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "41 32 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Esperanto translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "42 34 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "41 33 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with French translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "44 32 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Galician translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "42 32 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "36 37 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Greek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "41 32 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ingrian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "39 35 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "44 37 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Macedonian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "49 28 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Plautdietsch translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "44 33 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "41 33 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Romanian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "43 33 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "45 35 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "42 32 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Tagalog translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "45 35 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"parents": [],
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},
{
"_dis": "41 33 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Vilamovian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "42 34 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Welsh translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "35 29 19 17",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Demonyms",
"orig": "en:Demonyms",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A person who inhabits the Scottish Highlands."
],
"id": "en-highlander-en-noun-p8zA2tvx",
"raw_glosses": [
"(Scotland) A person who inhabits the Scottish Highlands."
],
"tags": [
"Scotland"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "79 19 2",
"code": "am",
"lang": "Amharic",
"lang_code": "am",
"roman": "dägaña",
"sense": "inhabitant of highlands",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "ደጋኛ"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 19 2",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"lang_code": "ar",
"roman": "jabaliyy",
"sense": "inhabitant of highlands",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "جَبَلِيّ"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 19 2",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"lang_code": "ar",
"roman": "najdiyy",
"sense": "inhabitant of highlands",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "نَجْدِيّ"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 19 2",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"lang_code": "hy",
"roman": "leṙnakan",
"sense": "inhabitant of highlands",
"word": "լեռնական"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 19 2",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"lang_code": "be",
"roman": "hórac",
"sense": "inhabitant of highlands",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "го́рац"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 19 2",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "planinec",
"sense": "inhabitant of highlands",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "планинец"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 19 2",
"code": "ce",
"lang": "Chechen",
"lang_code": "ce",
"roman": "lamaro",
"sense": "inhabitant of highlands",
"word": "ламаро"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 19 2",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"sense": "inhabitant of highlands",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "horal"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 19 2",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"sense": "inhabitant of highlands",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "horák"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 19 2",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"sense": "inhabitant of highlands",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "hooglander"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 19 2",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"sense": "inhabitant of highlands",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bergbewoner"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 19 2",
"code": "egy",
"lang": "Egyptian",
"lang_code": "egy",
"roman": "jmj-ḏw",
"sense": "inhabitant of highlands",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "i-Z11-Dw:Z1"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 19 2",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"lang_code": "eo",
"sense": "inhabitant of highlands",
"word": "montano"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 19 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "inhabitant of highlands",
"word": "ylämaalainen"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 19 2",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "inhabitant of highlands",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "montagnard"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 19 2",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "inhabitant of highlands",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "montagnarde"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 19 2",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"sense": "inhabitant of highlands",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "brañego"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 19 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "inhabitant of highlands",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Gebirgler"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 19 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "inhabitant of highlands",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Gebirgsbewohner"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 19 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "inhabitant of highlands",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Bergbewohner"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 19 2",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"lang_code": "el",
"roman": "vounísios",
"sense": "inhabitant of highlands",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "βουνίσιος"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 19 2",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"lang_code": "el",
"roman": "oresívios",
"sense": "inhabitant of highlands",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ορεσίβιος"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 19 2",
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"lang_code": "izh",
"sense": "inhabitant of highlands",
"word": "gortsa"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 19 2",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense": "inhabitant of highlands",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "montanaro"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 19 2",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"lang_code": "mk",
"roman": "górjanin",
"sense": "inhabitant of highlands",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "го́рјанин"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 19 2",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"lang_code": "mk",
"roman": "górjanka",
"sense": "inhabitant of highlands",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "го́рјанка"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 19 2",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"lang_code": "mk",
"roman": "górnenec",
"sense": "inhabitant of highlands",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "го́рненец"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 19 2",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"lang_code": "mk",
"roman": "górnenka",
"sense": "inhabitant of highlands",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "го́рненка"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 19 2",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"lang_code": "mk",
"roman": "gornózemec",
"sense": "inhabitant of highlands",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "горно́земец"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 19 2",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"lang_code": "mk",
"roman": "gornózemka",
"sense": "inhabitant of highlands",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "горно́земка"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 19 2",
"code": "pdt",
"lang": "Plautdietsch",
"lang_code": "pdt",
"sense": "inhabitant of highlands",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Huachlenda"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 19 2",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"sense": "inhabitant of highlands",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "góral"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 19 2",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"sense": "inhabitant of highlands",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "góralka"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 19 2",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"sense": "inhabitant of highlands",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "muntean"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 19 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "górec",
"sense": "inhabitant of highlands",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "го́рец"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 19 2",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"sense": "inhabitant of highlands",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "бр̏ђанин"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 19 2",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"sense": "inhabitant of highlands",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "го̀ранин"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 19 2",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"sense": "inhabitant of highlands",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "го̀ршта̄к"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 19 2",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"sense": "inhabitant of highlands",
"tags": [
"Latin"
],
"word": "bȑđanin"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 19 2",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"sense": "inhabitant of highlands",
"tags": [
"Latin"
],
"word": "gòranin"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 19 2",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"sense": "inhabitant of highlands",
"tags": [
"Latin"
],
"word": "gòrštāk"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 19 2",
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"lang_code": "tl",
"sense": "inhabitant of highlands",
"word": "taga-taas"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 19 2",
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"lang_code": "tl",
"sense": "inhabitant of highlands",
"word": "taga-bundok"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 19 2",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "horjányn",
"sense": "inhabitant of highlands",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "горя́нин"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 19 2",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "horjánka",
"sense": "inhabitant of highlands",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "горя́нка"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 19 2",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "hórecʹ",
"sense": "inhabitant of highlands",
"word": "го́рець"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 19 2",
"code": "wym",
"lang": "Vilamovian",
"lang_code": "wym",
"sense": "inhabitant of highlands",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "giörol"
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{
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{
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],
[
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],
[
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],
[
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],
[
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[
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[
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],
[
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[
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[
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"name": "ety"
}
],
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],
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}
],
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},
{
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]
},
{
"ipa": "/ʁajˈlɐ̃.deɾ/",
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]
},
{
"ipa": "[haɪ̯ˈlɐ̃.deɾ]",
"tags": [
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]
},
{
"ipa": "/ʁajˈlɐ̃.deʁ/",
"tags": [
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]
},
{
"ipa": "[χaɪ̯ˈlɐ̃.deχ]",
"tags": [
"Rio-de-Janeiro"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ʁajˈlɐ̃.deɻ/",
"tags": [
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]
},
{
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]
},
{
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}
],
"word": "highlander"
}
{
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{
"word": "lowlander"
}
],
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"English countable nouns",
"English entries referencing missing etymons",
"English entries with etymology texts",
"English entries with etymology trees",
"English entries with etymon",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from fiction",
"English terms suffixed with -er (inhabitant)",
"English terms with homophones",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon",
"Terms with Amharic translations",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Armenian translations",
"Terms with Belarusian translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Chechen translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Egyptian translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Ingrian translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Plautdietsch translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Tagalog translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"Terms with Vilamovian translations",
"Terms with Welsh translations",
"en:Demonyms",
"en:People"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "Shanghailander"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"highland",
"highland#English"
],
[
"*-yós",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-yós#Proto-Indo-European:_suffix"
],
[
"*-āzios",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/-āzios#Proto-Italic:_adjective"
],
[
"-ārius",
"-arius#Latin:_adjective"
],
[
"-ārius",
"-arius#Latin:_agent_noun"
],
[
"*-ārijaz",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/-ārijaz#Proto-Germanic:_noun"
],
[
"*-ārī",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/-ārī#Proto-West_Germanic:_agent_suffix"
],
[
"-ere",
"-ere#Old_English:_agent_suffix"
],
[
"-ere",
"-ere#Middle_English:_agent_suffix"
],
[
"-er",
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],
[
"highland",
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],
[
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]
],
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"expansion": "Etymology tree\nEnglish highland\nProto-Indo-European *-yósder.\nProto-Italic *-āzios\nLatin -āriusnom.\nLatin -āriusbor.\nProto-Germanic *-ārijaz\nProto-West Germanic *-ārī\nOld English -ere\nMiddle English -ere\nEnglish -er\nEnglish highlander\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"agent noun\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"nom.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Nominalization of\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjective\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjective\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"suffix\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-yós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-āzios\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ārius\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"nominalization\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ārius\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*-ārijaz\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*-ārī\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"-ere\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"-ere\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"-er\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"highlander\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"highlander\">\nFrom highland + -er.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nEnglish highland\nProto-Indo-European *-yósder.\nProto-Italic *-āzios\nLatin -āriusnom.\nLatin -āriusbor.\nProto-Germanic *-ārijaz\nProto-West Germanic *-ārī\nOld English -ere\nMiddle English -ere\nEnglish -er\nEnglish highlander\nFrom highland + -er.",
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],
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{
"categories": [
"Scottish English"
],
"glosses": [
"A person who inhabits the Scottish Highlands."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Scotland) A person who inhabits the Scottish Highlands."
],
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"text": "He gave credence to the long-standing impression that southern highlanders were as a whole 'a hardy race of European dissenters' of very different stock from other southern colonists…. As backwoodsmen and highlanders, they opposed slavery formally, through abolitionist organizations, newspapers, or institutions of higher education….",
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"text": "Other essayists, however, detect significant distinctions between highlander and lowlander—differences in racial attitudes (abolitionist or rabid racist), in the types of work that African Americans performed, and in the extent to which perceptions of whiteness shaped how outsiders understood the region and acted toward it.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Any person who lives in mountainous or hilly terrain."
],
"links": [
[
"mountainous",
"mountainous"
],
[
"hilly",
"hilly"
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]
},
{
"categories": [
"Philippine English"
],
"glosses": [
"The Igorot people, referring to them originating from the Cordillera Mountain Range."
],
"links": [
[
"Igorot",
"Igorot"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
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],
"tags": [
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}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈhaɪləndəɹ/",
"note": "rhotic"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈhaɪləndə/",
"note": "non-rhotic"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-highlander.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b8/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-highlander.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-highlander.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b8/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-highlander.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-highlander.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
]
},
{
"homophone": "islander (H-dropping accents)"
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],
"translations": [
{
"code": "am",
"lang": "Amharic",
"lang_code": "am",
"roman": "dägaña",
"sense": "inhabitant of highlands",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "ደጋኛ"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"lang_code": "ar",
"roman": "jabaliyy",
"sense": "inhabitant of highlands",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "جَبَلِيّ"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"lang_code": "ar",
"roman": "najdiyy",
"sense": "inhabitant of highlands",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "نَجْدِيّ"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"lang_code": "hy",
"roman": "leṙnakan",
"sense": "inhabitant of highlands",
"word": "լեռնական"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"lang_code": "be",
"roman": "hórac",
"sense": "inhabitant of highlands",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "го́рац"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "planinec",
"sense": "inhabitant of highlands",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "планинец"
},
{
"code": "ce",
"lang": "Chechen",
"lang_code": "ce",
"roman": "lamaro",
"sense": "inhabitant of highlands",
"word": "ламаро"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"sense": "inhabitant of highlands",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "horal"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"sense": "inhabitant of highlands",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "horák"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"sense": "inhabitant of highlands",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "hooglander"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"sense": "inhabitant of highlands",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bergbewoner"
},
{
"code": "egy",
"lang": "Egyptian",
"lang_code": "egy",
"roman": "jmj-ḏw",
"sense": "inhabitant of highlands",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "i-Z11-Dw:Z1"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"lang_code": "eo",
"sense": "inhabitant of highlands",
"word": "montano"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "inhabitant of highlands",
"word": "ylämaalainen"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "inhabitant of highlands",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "montagnard"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "inhabitant of highlands",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "montagnarde"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"sense": "inhabitant of highlands",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "brañego"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "inhabitant of highlands",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Gebirgler"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "inhabitant of highlands",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Gebirgsbewohner"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "inhabitant of highlands",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Bergbewohner"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"lang_code": "el",
"roman": "vounísios",
"sense": "inhabitant of highlands",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "βουνίσιος"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"lang_code": "el",
"roman": "oresívios",
"sense": "inhabitant of highlands",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ορεσίβιος"
},
{
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"lang_code": "izh",
"sense": "inhabitant of highlands",
"word": "gortsa"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense": "inhabitant of highlands",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "montanaro"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"lang_code": "mk",
"roman": "górjanin",
"sense": "inhabitant of highlands",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "го́рјанин"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"lang_code": "mk",
"roman": "górjanka",
"sense": "inhabitant of highlands",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "го́рјанка"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"lang_code": "mk",
"roman": "górnenec",
"sense": "inhabitant of highlands",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "го́рненец"
},
{
"code": "mk",
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"lang_code": "mk",
"roman": "górnenka",
"sense": "inhabitant of highlands",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "го́рненка"
},
{
"code": "mk",
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"lang_code": "mk",
"roman": "gornózemec",
"sense": "inhabitant of highlands",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "горно́земец"
},
{
"code": "mk",
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"lang_code": "mk",
"roman": "gornózemka",
"sense": "inhabitant of highlands",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "горно́земка"
},
{
"code": "pdt",
"lang": "Plautdietsch",
"lang_code": "pdt",
"sense": "inhabitant of highlands",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Huachlenda"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"sense": "inhabitant of highlands",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "góral"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"sense": "inhabitant of highlands",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
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},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"sense": "inhabitant of highlands",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "muntean"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "górec",
"sense": "inhabitant of highlands",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "го́рец"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"sense": "inhabitant of highlands",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "бр̏ђанин"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"sense": "inhabitant of highlands",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "го̀ранин"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"sense": "inhabitant of highlands",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "го̀ршта̄к"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"sense": "inhabitant of highlands",
"tags": [
"Latin"
],
"word": "bȑđanin"
},
{
"code": "sh",
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"lang_code": "sh",
"sense": "inhabitant of highlands",
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"Latin"
],
"word": "gòranin"
},
{
"code": "sh",
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"lang_code": "sh",
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"Latin"
],
"word": "gòrštāk"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"lang_code": "tl",
"sense": "inhabitant of highlands",
"word": "taga-taas"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"lang_code": "tl",
"sense": "inhabitant of highlands",
"word": "taga-bundok"
},
{
"code": "uk",
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"lang_code": "uk",
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"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "горя́нин"
},
{
"code": "uk",
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"lang_code": "uk",
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"feminine"
],
"word": "горя́нка"
},
{
"code": "uk",
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"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "hórecʹ",
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"word": "го́рець"
},
{
"code": "wym",
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"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "giörol"
},
{
"code": "cy",
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"lang_code": "cy",
"sense": "inhabitant of highlands",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ucheldirwr"
}
],
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}
{
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"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
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"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
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"en:Collectible card games"
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"ref": "1995 May 18, Nick Clifton, “Help with a Highlander Deck”, in rec.games.trading-cards.magic.strategy (Usenet), message-ID <NICKC.95May18164750@betty.perihelion.co.uk>:",
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20,
30
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"ref": "1996 October 18, Scott Schultz, “New Tournament Styles”, in rec.games.trading-cards.misc (Usenet), message-ID <3267BF69.1FAA@ceweekly.com>:",
"text": "As an example, the \"Highlander\" tournaments (only one of any particular card) that have been springing up have proven to be a good way to re-energize the tournament scene for some games.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
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19,
29
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],
"ref": "2000 June 2, End User, “Re: Type I Highlander - What to play?”, in rec.games.trading-cards.magic.strategy (Usenet), message-ID <3938182E.357BF7F4@tivoli.com>:",
"text": "One of my favorite Highlander decks is listed below.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
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],
"links": [
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],
"qualifier": "collectible card games",
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"tags": [
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}
],
"word": "highlander"
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}
],
"word": "highlander"
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"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nEnglish highland\nProto-Indo-European *-yósder.\nProto-Italic *-āzios\nLatin -āriusnom.\nLatin -āriusbor.\nProto-Germanic *-ārijaz\nProto-West Germanic *-ārī\nOld English -ere\nMiddle English -ere\nEnglish -er\nEnglish highlanderubor.\nPortuguese highlander\n[Appendix:Glossary#unadapted_borrowing|Unadapted borrowing]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"highland\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }, { \"id\" : \"inhabitant\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"agent suffix\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"agent suffix\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"agent suffix\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"noun\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"agent noun\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"nom.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Nominalization of\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjective\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjective\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"suffix\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-yós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-āzios\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ārius\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"nominalization\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ārius\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*-ārijaz\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*-ārī\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"-ere\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"-ere\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"-er\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"highlander\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"ubor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Portuguese\", \"term\" : \"highlander\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"pt\" }\" data-lang=\"pt\" data-title=\"highlander\">\nUnadapted borrowing from English highlander.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nEnglish highland\nProto-Indo-European *-yósder.\nProto-Italic *-āzios\nLatin -āriusnom.\nLatin -āriusbor.\nProto-Germanic *-ārijaz\nProto-West Germanic *-ārī\nOld English -ere\nMiddle English -ere\nEnglish -er\nEnglish highlanderubor.\nPortuguese highlander\nUnadapted borrowing from English highlander.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "highlanders",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mfbysense",
"2": "#s"
},
"expansion": "highlander m or f by sense (plural highlanders)",
"name": "pt-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon",
"Portuguese 3-syllable words",
"Portuguese countable nouns",
"Portuguese entries referencing pages with etymology sections missing etymons",
"Portuguese entries with etymology texts",
"Portuguese entries with etymology trees",
"Portuguese entries with etymon",
"Portuguese entries with incorrect language header",
"Portuguese feminine nouns",
"Portuguese lemmas",
"Portuguese masculine and feminine nouns by sense",
"Portuguese masculine nouns",
"Portuguese nouns",
"Portuguese nouns with multiple genders",
"Portuguese terms borrowed from English",
"Portuguese terms derived from English",
"Portuguese terms derived from Latin",
"Portuguese terms derived from Middle English",
"Portuguese terms derived from Old English",
"Portuguese terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Portuguese terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Portuguese terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"Portuguese terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Portuguese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Portuguese terms with homophones",
"Portuguese unadapted borrowings from English",
"pt:Demonyms",
"pt:Scotland"
],
"glosses": [
"highlander; Highlander (someone from the Scottish Highlands)"
],
"links": [
[
"highlander",
"highlander#English"
],
[
"Highlander",
"Highlander"
]
],
"tags": [
"by-personal-gender",
"feminine",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ʁajˈlɐ̃.deʁ/",
"tags": [
"Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[haɪ̯ˈlɐ̃.deh]",
"tags": [
"Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ʁajˈlɐ̃.deɾ/",
"tags": [
"São-Paulo"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[haɪ̯ˈlɐ̃.deɾ]",
"tags": [
"São-Paulo"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ʁajˈlɐ̃.deʁ/",
"tags": [
"Rio-de-Janeiro"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[χaɪ̯ˈlɐ̃.deχ]",
"tags": [
"Rio-de-Janeiro"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ʁajˈlɐ̃.deɻ/",
"tags": [
"Caipira"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[haɪ̯ˈlɐ̃.deɻ]",
"tags": [
"Caipira"
]
},
{
"homophone": "Highlander"
}
],
"word": "highlander"
}
Download raw JSONL data for highlander meaning in All languages combined (23.2kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-25 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (1a05e46 and e3d6d4e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.